The Fallopian tubes, also called as oviducts, uterine tubes or salpinges are a pair of thin tubes lined with ciliated epithelia, leading to the ovaries and the uterus in females.
Anatomy
In a woman the Fallopian tubes carry the egg from the ovary to the uterus. The Fallopian tube comprises of three parts a lateral segment near the ovary that represents the major portion of the tube, the narrower part of the tube that links to the uterus and the part that transverses into the uterine musculature. The base of the Fallopian tube is the point where the tubal canal meets the peritoneal cavity, while the uterine opening is the entrance in the uterine cavity.
Tthe Fallopian tubes are made up of two types of cells. The simple columnar epithelium amd the Ciliated cells predominantly throughout the tubes. The female hormone estrogen increases the production of cilia on these cells. In between the ciliated cells are peg cells, which produce the tubular fluid. This fluid contains nutrients for spermatozoa, oocytes, and zygotes. This fluid secretion promote help the sperm by removing glycoproteins and other molecules from the plasma membrane of the sperm, thereby promoting fusion and zygote formation. The female hormones Progesterone and Estrogen increase the number of peg cells and increases the secretory activity respectively.
Functions
When an egg is developing in an ovary, the egg is encapsulated in a sac known as an ovarian follicle. On maturity of the egg, the follicle and the ovary’s wall rupture, allowing the egg to escape. The egg travels through the fallopian tube where the sperms are met and fertilization takes place. The fertilized egg is now known as a zygote, travels towards the uterus aided by activity of tubal cilia and activity of the tubal muscle. After about four or five days the zygote enters the uterine cavity and implants itself.
Sometimes the embryo implants into the Fallopian tube instead of the uterus, creating an ectopic pregnancy or tubal pregnancy.
Testing
A full testing of tubal functions is not possible. Testing of tubal patency is important as tubal obstruction is a major cause of infertility in woman. A hysterosalpingogram will prove that the tubes are open. Tubal insufflation is a standard procedure for testing patency. During surgery the condition of the tubes may be inspected with a methylene blue dye injection in the uterus.
Diseases of the Fallopian tube
The most common diseases of the Fallopian tubes are:
1. Fallopian tube Block
Pelvic inflammatory disease can affect the fallopian tubes. This might cause a Fallopian tube obstruction or Fallopian tube Block.
2. Fallopian tube cancer
Fallopian tube cancer is a rare problem that can arise from the epithelial lining of the Fallopian tubes. This Fallopian tube cancer is sometimes mistaken as ovarian cancer.
Remedy
The common remedy for fallopian tube block is surgery only. But in some cases where continuous cough, cold and instances of Tuberculosis is also responsible for the blockage, anti tubercular drugs are also administered with minimal results. The alternative to drugs in the treatment of fallopian tube block in allopathy is surgery only.
The surgical removal of a Fallopian tube is called a salpingectomy. To remove both sides is a bilateral salpingectomy. An operation that combines the removal of a Fallopian tube with removal of at least one ovary is a salpingo-oophorectomy. An operation to restore a fallopian tube obstruction is called a tuboplasty.
Ayurveda Treatment
In Ayurveda there are many remedies available for the treatment of the uterus ovary and even fallopian tubes. The advantages of Ayurveda are that it not only improves the condition, but also provides a life time solution for infertility.
Ayurveda offers a variety of treatments for female disorders. The ayurveda treatments available for the female disorders vary from drugs acting on the ovary to the uterus. Especialy the drugs that act on the uterus, improve the elasticity of the uterus wall and increase the flexibility of the Uterine muscles. The ayurveda drugs act like wise on the fallopian tubes and increase the elasticity of the tubes and flush out the secretions that block the fallopian tubes.
The ayurveda drugs act directly on the fallopian tubes and they not only remove the blockage but also provide resistance to the fallopian tubes and afford them the ability to further avoid blockages in the near future. This advantage of ayurveda gives a wonderful hope for the infertile couples.
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